Pnuematic tool.



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Mar. 26, 19.01. w. H. souzv.

PNEUMATIC TOOL. (Application filed Mai-a. 1900v (No llu dal.)

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WITNESSES:

No. 670,646. I Patented Mar. 26, l90l. v

w. u. SOLEY. v PNEUMATIC TOUL. (Application filed my 3,-19OOJ 2 Shoots-Sheet 2.

y (No Model.)

g W i r WITNES9F8 UNITED STATES PATENT @nrrcn i.

WILLIAM H. SOLEY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOROF ONE- HALF TO GEORGE A. DALLETT, OF SAME PLACE, AND THOMAS H. DAL- LETT, OF OHEYNEY, PENNSYLVANIA, COMPOSING THE FIRM OF THOMAS H. DALLETT & COMPANY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,646, dated March 26, 1901.

Application filed May 3, 1900. Serial No. 15,327. (No model.)

79 all whom it may concern:

Be it known tha't'I, WILLIAM H. SOLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of- Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Tools, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention refers to that class of tools known as pneumatic tools, which are used for cutting, chipping, riveting, &c.

- The particular purpose of my invention is to produce a tool of this class which will be of simple construction, which will enable a long stroke to be obtained, and which will reduce the vibration to a minimum.

It also consists in certain novel details of construction, all of which will more fully appear in the following specification,

In the drawings, -Figure 1 V is a section through the cylinder on the line-l 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line ll of Fig. 2,v

showing the piston ready to descend. Fig. 5

is a sectional view showing the piston in its descending position at the point the valve is shifted. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the piston ready to ascend. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the piston in its upper.

casing in connection with the source of airsupply and connecting with the port b, which passes laterally through the casing to the chamber 0 at the lower end of the larger portion a. D is a piston in said chamber having two areas, one of substantially the size of the larger portion of the chamber and the other of the size of the smaller portion of the chamber O. The air from the air-supply passes constantly to the chamber 0 through the port I). There is therefore a constant air-pressure beneath the shoulder at of the piston, tending to force the piston upward in the chamber. The piston D is bored out for a distance from the top down ward,forming the valve-chamber e, in which is placed the valve E. This valve is a vertically-reciprocating valve. Extending from the lower end of this valve-chamber and through the piston is the passage 'e, terminating in the ported In the piston surrounding the valve is the chamber 6 which by .the passage 6 is constantly in connection with the live air in the cylinder from port b.

e is a longitudinal passage in the valve E,

connected with the lateral port or passage a the passage e extending from port or pas-' sage e to the upper end of valve. In the top of thepiston is an orifice in which is secured the orificed nut 6 having, the orificed projecting portion 6 of size sufficient to allow it to enter the orifice e of the valve. Surrounding this projecting portion e is a fiber washer-ring. The washeris of different diameters, one portion 6 overlying and being substantially of the size of the nut 6 so as to, rest against it, and the other portion e projectingfrom the portion e and surrounding the projecting portion 6 but not extending to the end thereof. The lower end of the chamber 0 has the annular enlarged'portions a and a communicating by passages a and a respectively, with the atmosphere.

F is apassage communicating with the upper end of the valve-chamber e and extending longitudinally through the piston to the lower end thereof. A small passage 6 connects the passagee and passage e. This passage is of considerably less area than passage a I will now describe the operation of thetool, starting at the position shownin Fig. 4:, when the piston is in position to descend. 'In this position air is admitted from passage B through port b, port c and passage e to lower side of valve E to hold it in position, so that port 6 registers with chamber 6 and the air in that chamber fromthe constant pressure-supply passes up through the passage a in the valve and through the orificed nut e to the top of the piston D, the upper side of the piston being of greater area than the shoulder d, (subject to constant pressure.) The piston D and valve E move down together until the port 6 comes opposite the portion a of the chamber C, the exhaust below the piston passing through the ports a and a. When this position is reached, the valve-chamber 0 below the valve E will be connected with the eX- haust. The air-pressure on top of the valve E will then force the valve E downward, moving the port 6 from connection with chamber 6 cutting off the supply of air to the top of the piston, and opening the passage E, so that during the further downward movement of the piston, due to expansion of air above the piston and inertia of the piston, the air above the piston is being exhausted. This is of great importance, as the chamber a may be arranged at such a position that the exhaust of the air above the piston will commence at such a time that when the end of the stroke is reached substantially all the pressure above the piston is exhausted and the rebound of the piston prod nces, if any, butaslight shock. \Vhen in the downward movement of the piston the air above the piston is exhausted, the air below the shoulder (Z will become effective and the piston will rise until the port a registers with the constant live air in the cham ber G, at which time "the air will pass into the passage 6, and thus to the valve-chamber e, shifting the valve, so thatair will pass from the chamber 6 through port a and passage 6 to top of piston, when the piston will again descend. In order to avoid any downward movement of the valve where airis above the valve, due to the piston not fitting the chamber tightly, I provide the passage 6 in the valve E, which allows live air to pass from passage 6 to bottom of valve to compensate for any leakage. The construction of fiber washer e and e and sustaining it upon the nut and around the projection is of importance, as when the valve ascends the end of valve strikes the piston e of washer and the washer is held firmly and from lateral spreading and maintains a constant cushion.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing provided with a chamber, a shouldered piston in said chamber, a constant source of pressure-supply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber formed in the piston, a passage from said valve chamber through the piston to the opposite side of said shoulder, a passage from the constant air-supply to said valve-chamber and a vertically-reciprocating valve in said valve-chamberand a longitudinal passage from the lower end of said valve-chamber opening into the piston-chamber above the lower end of said piston and an exhaust-passage from the piston-chamber above its lower end.

2. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing provided with a chamber, a shouldered piston in said chamber, a constant source of pressure-supply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber formed in the piston, a passage from the upper end of said valve-chamber, through the piston to the upper side of said piston, a passage connecting said valve-chamber with the constant air-supply, a passage leading from the upper end of said valve-chamber to the lower end of said piston, an exhaust-passage from the lower end of the piston-chamber, and a verticallyreciprocating valve in said valve-chamber, and a longitudinal passage from the lower end of said valve-chamber opening into the piston-chamber above the lower end of said piston and an exhaust-passage from the piston-chamber above its lower end.

3. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing provided with a chamber, a shouldered piston in said chamber, a constant source of pressure-supply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber formed in the piston, a passage from the upper end of said valve-chamber through the piston to the upper side of said piston, a passage connecting said valve-chamber with the constant air-supply, a passage leading from the upper end of said valve-chamber to the lower end of said piston, an exhaustpassage from the lower end of the piston-chamber, a vertically-reciprocating valve in said chamber, said valve having a vertical passage open at its upper end and terminating atits lower end in a lateral port adapted in the reciprocation of the valve to connect with the passage from the constant air-supply and a longitudinal passage from the lower end of said valve-chamber opening into the piston-chamber above the lower end of said piston and an exhaustpassage from the piston chamber above its lower end.

4. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing provided with achainber, a shouldered piston in said chamber, a constant source of pressuresupply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber'formed in the piston, a passage from the upper end of said valve-chamber through the piston to the upper side of said piston, a passage connecting said valve-chamber with the constant air-supply, a passage leading from the upper end of said valve-chamber to the lower end of said piston, an exhaust-passage from the lower end of the piston-chan1ber, a vertically-reciprocating valve in said chamber, said valve having a vertical passage open at its upper end and terminating at its lower end in a lateral port adapted in the reciprocation of the valve to connect it with the passage from the constant air supply, a passage extending through the lower end of the valve to the passage in the valve.

5. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing provided with a chamber, a shouldered piston in said casing, a constant source of pressure-snpply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber formed in the piston, a passage from the upper end of said valve-chamber through the piston to the upper side of said piston, a passage connecting said valve'chamber with the constant airsupply, a passage leading from the upper end of said valve-chamber to the lower end of said piston, an exhaustpassage from the lower end of the piston -chamber, a vertically-reciprocating valve in said chamber, said, valve having a vertical passage open at its upper end and terminating at its lower end in a lateral port adapted in the reciprocation of the valve to connect with the passage from the constant air-supply, and alongitudinal passage from the lower end of said valve-chamber opening into the piston-chamher and an exhaust-passage from the lower portion of said piston-chamber, a passage extending through the lower end of the valve to the passage in the valve.

6. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casin g provided with a chamber, a shouldered piston in said.chamber, a constant source of pressure-supply in said chamber below said shoulder, a valve-chamber formed in the piston, a passage from the upper end of said valve-chamber through the piston to the upper side of said piston, a passage connecting said valve -chamber with the constant airsupply, a passage leading from the upper end of said valve-chamber to the lower end of said piston,an exhaust-passage from the lower end of the piston-chamber, a vertically-reciprocating valve in said chamber, said valve having a vertical passage open at its upper end and terminating at its lower end in a lateral port adapted in the reciprocation of the valve to connect with the passage from the constant air-supply and a longitudinal passage from the lower end of said valve-chamber lower end of said piston and an exhaust-passage from the piston-chamber above its lower end, a passage extending through the lower end of the valve to the passage in the valve.

ing portion, to a point slightly above its end,

said. fiber washer being formed of a main portion resting upon the piston-head and a proecting portion of less area surroundingthe projecting portion from the piston.

8. In a pneumatic tool of the character de scribed, a piston having formed in its upper portion a valve-chamber open to the upper side of said piston, an orificed valve in said chamber, an orificed nut secured in the orifice in the piston having an orificed projection of size adapted to enter the orifice in the valve, and a fiberwasher surrounding said projecting portion to a point slightly above its end, said fiber washer being formed of am ain portion resting upon the main portion of the nut and a projecting portion of less area surrounding the projecting portion from the nut.

In testimohy of which invention I.have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on this 16th day of April, 1900.

WILLIAM H. SOLEY.

Witnesses:

M. F. ELLIS, J. M. SHINDLER, Jr. 

